Markets
Market is a mechanism, which allows individuals or, organizations to trade with each other. Markets bring together buyers and sellers of goods and services. In some cases, such as a local fruit stall, buyers and sellers meet physically. In other cases, such as the stock market, business can be transacted over the telephone, almost by remote control. There's no need to go in such details. Instead we use a general definition of markets.
A market is a shorthand expression for the process by which household's decisions about consumption of alternative goods, firms' decisions about what and how to produce, and workers' decisions about how much and for whom to work are all reconciled by adjustment of prices.
Prices of goods and of resources, such as labour, machinery and land, adjust to ensure that scarce resources are used to produce those goods and services that society demands.
There are two types of markets according to the character of concluded contracts: spot markets (the buying and selling of goods, currency and securities that are available for immediate delivery) and futures markets (buying and selling of goods, currency or securities for delivery at a future date for a price fixed in advance).
There are three types of markets according to their functions: commodity markets\exchaxiges, stock markets\ exchanges, foreign exchange markets.
Commodity markets\ exchanges are the places where raw materials and some manufactured goods are bought and sold for immediate or future delivery. Main terminal markets are situated in London and New-York. Terminal markets are the markets dealing mainly with commodities that will be available in the future rather than goods that are available immediately. Most terminal markets are outside countries that produce the goods.
Stock markets\ exchanges are the markets where stocks and shares are bought and sold under fixed rules, but at prices controlled by supply and demand. The main idea of stock exchanges is to enable public companies, the state and local authorities to attract capital by way of selling securities to investors.
Foreign exchange markets are the markets where foreign currencies are traded.
Если кто-то хочет что-то добавить или убрать, то пишите сюда.
